:root {
  --accent: #cc0000;
  --accent-dark: #990000;
  --blue-soft: #eeeeee;
  --blue-wash: #f7f7f7;
  --ink: #20252c;
  --muted: #5b6470;
  --paper: #f4f4f4;
  --surface: #ffffff;
  --line: #dedede;
  --black: #2b1f1f;
  --shadow: 0 16px 34px rgba(35, 37, 40, 0.08);
  --max: 1180px;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  min-height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--paper);
  font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

main {
  flex: 1;
}

body.nav-open {
  overflow: hidden;
}

img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
}

.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 30;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  min-height: 82px;
  padding: 0 clamp(18px, 4vw, 44px);
  color: var(--ink);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.96);
  box-shadow: 0 1px 0 var(--line);
  backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
}

.brand {
  display: grid;
  gap: 2px;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.brand-main {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 8px;
  line-height: 1;
}

.brand-main strong {
  font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 2.6vw, 2rem);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.brand-main span {
  font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 2.6vw, 2rem);
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.brand-sub {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.site-nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
}

.site-nav a {
  padding: 29px 8px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 4px solid transparent;
}

.site-nav a:hover,
.site-nav a:focus-visible,
.site-nav a[aria-current="page"] {
  border-bottom-color: var(--accent);
}

.menu-button {
  display: none;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  padding: 10px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(21, 27, 34, 0.38);
  background: transparent;
}

.menu-button span:not(.sr-only) {
  display: block;
  height: 2px;
  margin: 5px 0;
  background: var(--ink);
}

.hero {
  position: relative;
  min-height: min(760px, calc(100vh - 82px));
  display: grid;
  align-items: end;
  overflow: hidden;
  color: #fff;
}

.hero-slides,
.hero-slide {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}

.hero-slide {
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 800ms ease;
}

.hero-slide.is-active {
  opacity: 1;
}

.hero-shade {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(72, 18, 18, 0.48), rgba(72, 18, 18, 0.22) 56%, rgba(72, 18, 18, 0.04)),
    linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(72, 18, 18, 0.4), rgba(72, 18, 18, 0.04) 58%);
}

.hero-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 36px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 112px 0 92px;
}

.hero h1 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(3.2rem, 7vw, 6.2rem);
  line-height: 0.95;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.page-hero h1 {
  max-width: 980px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  font-size: clamp(2.35rem, 4.8vw, 4.4rem);
  line-height: 1.04;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.publications-page .page-hero h1 {
  font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 3.6vw, 3.45rem);
}

.hero p:not(.eyebrow) {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 22px 0 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.94);
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2vw, 1.6rem);
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 30px;
}

.hero-controls {
  position: absolute;
  right: max(18px, calc((100% - var(--max)) / 2));
  bottom: 26px;
  z-index: 2;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
}

.hero-arrow,
.hero-dot {
  appearance: none;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
  color: #fff;
  background: rgba(32, 37, 44, 0.42);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.hero-arrow {
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  padding: 0 0 4px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  font: inherit;
  font-size: 2rem;
  line-height: 1;
}

.hero-dots {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
}

.hero-dot {
  width: 11px;
  height: 11px;
  padding: 0;
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.hero-dot.is-active {
  border-color: #fff;
  background: #fff;
}

.hero-arrow:hover,
.hero-arrow:focus-visible,
.hero-dot:hover,
.hero-dot:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid #fff;
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.button {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 48px;
  padding: 13px 20px;
  border: 2px solid transparent;
  font-weight: 900;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.button.primary {
  color: #fff;
  background: var(--accent);
}

.button.secondary {
  color: #fff;
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
}

.button.dark {
  color: #fff;
  background: var(--accent-dark);
}

.eyebrow {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.5vw, 1.35rem);
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.hero .eyebrow {
  color: #fff;
}

.page-hero .eyebrow {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.keyword-chips {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 26px;
}

.keyword-chips span {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 40px;
  padding: 8px 14px;
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  border: 1px solid rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.2);
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: #fff;
  font-size: clamp(0.95rem, 1.4vw, 1.12rem);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.section {
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 36px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 94px 0;
}

.section.compact {
  padding: 70px 0;
}

.content-page main > .section:first-child {
  padding-top: 54px;
}

.chang-lu-page main > .section:first-child {
  padding-bottom: 24px;
}

.chang-lu-page main > .section.compact {
  padding-top: 24px;
}

.contact-page main > .section:first-child {
  padding: 36px 0 48px;
}

.publications-page .section {
  padding: 58px 0;
}

.publications-page .publications-intro {
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

.publications-page .section.compact {
  padding: 0 0 58px;
}

.publications-page .section-heading {
  max-width: none;
}

.publications-page .section-heading .eyebrow,
.year-block h2.earlier-work-heading {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 2.2vw, 1.9rem);
  font-weight: 900;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.publications-page .section-heading .eyebrow {
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.section-heading {
  max-width: 850px;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.section-heading h2,
.split-heading h2,
.contact-panel h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.7rem);
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.publications-page .section-heading h2 {
  font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 3.1vw, 3rem);
}

.publications-page .section-heading p:not(.eyebrow) {
  color: #111;
  font-size: clamp(1.12rem, 1.35vw, 1.32rem);
  line-height: 1.4;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.section-heading p:not(.eyebrow),
.lead {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 1.7vw, 1.42rem);
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.page-hero {
  color: var(--ink);
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, #fff 0%, var(--blue-wash) 48%, var(--blue-soft) 100%);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.page-hero-inner {
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 36px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 96px 0;
}

.page-hero p:not(.eyebrow) {
  max-width: 820px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: clamp(1.08rem, 1.65vw, 1.35rem);
}

.stats-band {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 1px;
  max-width: var(--max);
  margin: -44px auto 0;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  background: var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.stats-band div {
  min-height: 132px;
  padding: 27px;
  background: var(--surface);
}

.stats-band strong {
  display: block;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3.4vw, 3rem);
  line-height: 1;
}

.stats-band span {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.split-section {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(280px, 0.85fr) minmax(0, 1.15fr);
  gap: clamp(34px, 6vw, 86px);
  align-items: start;
}

.split-section p {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.research-preview,
.news-grid,
.research-grid,
.people-grid,
.detail-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 18px;
}

.research-preview {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(300px, 0.95fr) minmax(0, 1.05fr);
  align-items: start;
}

.feature-image,
.cover-art {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.feature-link,
.research-card-link {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.feature-link {
  display: block;
}

.feature-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.cover-art img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 3 / 4;
  object-fit: cover;
}

figcaption {
  padding: 15px 17px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.94rem;
}

.research-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.card,
.news-item,
.person-card,
.publication,
.detail-card {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.card,
.news-item,
.publication,
.detail-card {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.feature-link .feature-image,
.research-card-link {
  transition: border-color 160ms ease, box-shadow 160ms ease, transform 160ms ease;
}

.feature-link:hover .feature-image,
.feature-link:focus-visible .feature-image,
.research-card-link:hover,
.research-card-link:focus-visible {
  border-color: rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.42);
  box-shadow: 0 20px 42px rgba(120, 32, 32, 0.14);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.card,
.news-item,
.detail-card {
  padding: 24px;
}

.card span,
.publication span,
.news-item span,
.person-card span {
  display: block;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.card h3,
.news-item h3,
.publication h3,
.detail-card h3,
.person-card h4,
.pi-feature h2 {
  margin: 10px 0 0;
  line-height: 1.13;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.pi-feature h2 {
  color: var(--accent-dark);
}

.card p,
.news-item p,
.publication p,
.detail-card p {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.research-card-link strong {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: 8px;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.news-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.news-item {
  min-height: 230px;
}

.pi-feature {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(240px, 0.45fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: clamp(28px, 5vw, 58px);
  align-items: center;
  padding: clamp(24px, 4vw, 42px);
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--blue-wash);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-left: 8px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.pi-feature img {
  width: 100%;
  max-height: 480px;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.pi-feature .eyebrow {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.pi-feature p,
.pi-feature li {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.clean-list {
  padding-left: 18px;
}

.text-link {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.people-group {
  margin-top: 54px;
}

.lab-members-page .section {
  padding: 54px 0 72px;
}

.lab-members-page .people-group:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.people-group-heading {
  margin-bottom: 22px;
  padding-bottom: 14px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--line);
}

.people-group-heading h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 2.2vw, 1.9rem);
  font-weight: 900;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.people-group-heading .eyebrow {
  margin: 0;
}

.current-people {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.former-people {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.person-card {
  overflow: hidden;
  text-align: center;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(23, 33, 43, 0.08);
}

.lab-members-page .person-card {
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.person-card img {
  width: min(100%, 210px);
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center top;
  margin: 18px auto 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #e8e8e5;
}

.current-people .person-card img {
  width: min(88%, 290px);
}

.person-card div {
  min-height: 142px;
  padding: 18px;
}

.lab-members-page .person-card div {
  min-height: auto;
  padding: 14px 4px 0;
}

.person-card h4 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.person-card p {
  margin: 8px 0 0;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.person-card span {
  margin-top: 7px;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
}

.former-people .person-card div {
  min-height: 128px;
  padding: 14px;
}

.former-people .person-card h4 {
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.former-people .person-card p,
.former-people .person-card span {
  font-size: 0.84rem;
}

.publication-stack,
.publication-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 38px;
}

.featured-publication {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(300px, 0.85fr) minmax(0, 1.15fr);
  gap: clamp(28px, 4vw, 48px);
  align-items: center;
  padding: clamp(20px, 3vw, 30px);
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.publication-visual {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  padding: 0;
  background: transparent;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.publication-visual img {
  width: min(100%, 440px);
  height: auto;
  max-width: 100%;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.publication-copy h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: #111;
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 1.75vw, 1.65rem);
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.16;
}

.publication-copy h3 a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.45);
  text-decoration-thickness: 0.06em;
  text-underline-offset: 0.15em;
}

.publication-copy span {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 16px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.35vw, 1.18rem);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.publication-copy p {
  margin: 16px 0 0;
  color: #151515;
  font-size: clamp(0.98rem, 1.28vw, 1.12rem);
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.publication-visual:hover,
.publication-visual:focus-visible,
.publication-copy h3 a:hover,
.publication-copy h3 a:focus-visible {
  opacity: 0.82;
}

.publication:not(.featured-publication) {
  padding: 22px;
}

.publication,
.pub-list li {
  scroll-margin-top: 112px;
}

.publication:target,
.pub-list li:target {
  border-color: rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.58);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.1), var(--shadow);
}

.publication:not(.featured-publication) h3 {
  font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.year-block {
  margin-top: 46px;
}

.year-block h2 {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  color: #111;
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 2vw, 1.75rem);
  line-height: 1;
}

.year-block h2.earlier-work-heading {
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.contribution-note {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  color: #111;
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.pub-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.publications-page .section.compact.publication-index {
  padding-top: 42px;
}

.publication-index {
  counter-reset: publication-number;
}

.pub-list li {
  position: relative;
  padding: 18px 20px 18px 58px;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  counter-increment: publication-number;
}

.publication-index .pub-list li::before {
  position: absolute;
  top: 18px;
  left: 16px;
  width: 32px;
  color: #111;
  font-weight: 900;
  text-align: right;
  content: counter(publication-number) ".";
}

.pub-list strong {
  display: block;
  margin: 0 0 4px;
}

.pub-list strong a {
  color: #111;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.45);
  text-decoration-thickness: 0.06em;
  text-underline-offset: 0.15em;
}

.publication-authors,
.publication-citation {
  display: block;
}

.publication-figures {
  position: relative;
  left: -19px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  align-items: stretch;
  gap: 20px;
  max-width: 880px;
  margin: 14px auto 0;
}

.publication-figures img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: clamp(260px, 22vw, 340px);
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: #fff;
}

.pub-list strong a:hover,
.pub-list strong a:focus-visible {
  opacity: 0.82;
}

.contact-panel {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.05fr) minmax(300px, 0.95fr);
  gap: 42px;
  padding: clamp(28px, 5vw, 58px);
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--blue-wash);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-left: 8px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.contact-panel .eyebrow {
  color: var(--accent);
}

address {
  font-style: normal;
  color: var(--muted);
}

address a {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.contact-panel h2 {
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 3.4vw, 3.4rem);
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.contact-panel .lead {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.contact-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(260px, 0.55fr) minmax(0, 1.45fr);
  gap: clamp(28px, 4vw, 48px);
  align-items: stretch;
}

.contact-details h1 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.5vw, 1.35rem);
  font-weight: 900;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.contact-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 20px;
  margin: 22px 0 0;
}

.contact-list div {
  display: grid;
  gap: 5px;
}

.contact-list dt,
.contact-list dd {
  margin: 0;
}

.contact-list dt {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.contact-list dd {
  padding-left: 12px;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.contact-list a {
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  text-underline-offset: 0.15em;
}

.contact-map {
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 520px;
  margin: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.contact-map iframe {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border: 0;
}

.site-footer {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px;
  padding: 28px clamp(18px, 4vw, 44px);
  color: var(--ink);
  background: #fff;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.site-footer p {
  margin: 0;
}

.site-footer a {
  font-weight: 900;
  text-decoration: none;
}

@media (max-width: 940px) {
  .menu-button {
    display: block;
  }

  .site-nav {
    position: fixed;
    inset: 82px 16px auto 16px;
    display: none;
    padding: 12px;
    background: var(--surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  }

  .site-nav.is-open {
    display: grid;
  }

  .site-nav a {
    padding: 14px 12px;
  }

  .stats-band,
  .split-section,
  .research-preview,
  .pi-feature,
  .contact-panel,
  .contact-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .contact-map {
    min-height: 420px;
  }

  .research-grid,
  .news-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .current-people {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .former-people {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .pi-feature img {
    max-width: 380px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .site-header {
    min-height: 76px;
    padding-inline: 14px;
  }

  .brand-sub {
    display: none;
  }

  .brand-main {
    gap: 6px;
  }

  .hero-content,
  .section,
  .page-hero-inner,
  .stats-band {
    width: calc(100% - 28px);
  }

  .hero {
    min-height: 680px;
  }

  .contact-map {
    min-height: 340px;
  }

  .hero-controls {
    right: 14px;
    bottom: 20px;
  }

  .hero-actions,
  .site-footer,
  .people-group-heading {
    display: grid;
  }

  .current-people,
  .former-people {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .publication-figures {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .publication-figures img {
    height: clamp(220px, 64vw, 320px);
  }

  .featured-publication {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .publication-copy p {
    margin-top: 22px;
  }

  .publications-page .section-heading p:not(.eyebrow) {
    white-space: normal;
  }

  .section {
    padding: 72px 0;
  }
}